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Which of the following statements regarding social class is true?


A) A social class is a closed aggregate of people with similar social ranking.
B) The criteria used to group people into social classes do not vary from one culture to another.
C) A social class is an open aggregate of people with similar social ranking.
D) A social class is a ranking of people by other members of society into positions of social respect.
E) A social class is an open aggregate of people with different social rankings.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The U.S.Army recruits soldiers based on the slogan,"An army of one," implying that people can reach their full personal potential in the U.S.Army.This is an appeal to what need according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?


A) Safety
B) Esteem
C) Self-actualization
D) Physiological
E) Social

F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

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The three major categories of influences on the consumer buying decision process are:


A) situational influences,demographic influences,and psychological influences.
B) social influences,situational influences,and marketer-dominated influences.
C) demographic influences,situational influences,and marketer-dominated influences.
D) situational influences,social influences,and psychological influences.
E) marketer-dominated influences,psychological influences,and person-specific influences.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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What can marketers do to reduce cognitive dissonance in a consumer who has just purchased an expensive product?

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Marketers can employ several strategies ...

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Use the following to answer the questions. Consumers use information from many sources when making purchasing decisions,including information from friends and family members.One of the most dissatisfying consumer experiences is with auto repair.Aware of this,Karla has asked several of her friends and family members where they have their cars repaired,since she has been experiencing a problem with her car starting when the weather is cold.Karla has heard that Skola's Auto Repair has reasonable prices,but it can be difficult to get an appointment.However,one of her friends,Steve,had a very poor experience with Skola's.Once he complained to them,they fixed the situation and now he prefers their auto shop over others. -Refer to Scenario 6.1.The change in Steve's behavior toward Skola's Auto Repair,caused by the company's response to his complaint,is a function of


A) perception.
B) motivation.
C) attitudes.
D) learning.
E) influence.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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In the consumer buying decision process,the information search stage


A) yields a group of brands that a buyer views as possible alternatives.
B) involves a buyer becoming aware of the need for a product.
C) is not necessary when the buyer is involved in extensive decision making.
D) occurs immediately after evaluation of alternatives.
E) is lengthy for routine response buying behavior.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Learning associated with purchase behavior is not particularly affected by reinforcement.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements about how a consumer organizes inputs that reach awareness is most accurate?


A) Inputs are organized by individuals to produce meaning,and this organizational process is usually a slow one.
B) Organization of information inputs is not always needed to produce meaning.
C) Inputs that reach awareness are organized and interpreted in much the same way by all consumers.
D) Because a person interprets information in terms of what is familiar,only one interpretation of organized inputs is possible.
E) Inputs that reach awareness are organized to produce meaning,and this meaning is interpreted in light of what is familiar to the individual.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Purchasers who intend to use or benefit from the purchased product and do not buy products for business purposes are called the


A) ultimate consumers.
B) end-use consumption group.
C) business market.
D) household purchasing group.
E) organizational market.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Luis likes shopping at Stein Mart,a discount department store,because he likes the prices,products,and services the store provides.His selection of this store as a regular stop when shopping is influenced by ____ motives.


A) self-concept
B) self-image
C) projective
D) depth
E) patronage

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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When a product is a conspicuous one,reference-group influence is more likely to affect the brand decision.

A) True
B) False

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Use the following to answer the questions. Consumers use information from many sources when making purchasing decisions,including information from friends and family members.One of the most dissatisfying consumer experiences is with auto repair.Aware of this,Karla has asked several of her friends and family members where they have their cars repaired,since she has been experiencing a problem with her car starting when the weather is cold.Karla has heard that Skola's Auto Repair has reasonable prices,but it can be difficult to get an appointment.However,one of her friends,Steve,had a very poor experience with Skola's.Once he complained to them,they fixed the situation and now he prefers their auto shop over others. -Refer to Scenario 6.1.The type of problem solving that consumers use to select an auto repair shop would normally be


A) intensive problem solving.
B) extended problem solving.
C) routinized response behavior.
D) selective problem solving.
E) limited problem solving.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Psychological influences that determine where a person purchases products on a regular basis are called


A) convenience responses.
B) patronage motives.
C) shopping motives.
D) pattern responses.
E) routine decisions.

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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According to Coleman's social class categories,the social class that includes approximately 40 percent of the population,shops for bargains,and buys sports and recreational equipment is the


A) upper class.
B) middle class.
C) first class.
D) working class.
E) lower class.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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After doing considerable shopping,Eric has just decided what brand and type of athletic shoes to buy and where he's going to buy them.In what stage of the consumer buying decision process is Eric?


A) Problem recognition
B) Information search
C) Evaluation of alternatives
D) Purchase
E) Postpurchase evaluation

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Psychological influences operate within individuals to determine,in part,their behavior as consumers.

A) True
B) False

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Product availability plays a major role in the purchase stage.If the highest-ranked product is unavailable,the consumer will most likely purchase the brand ranked second.

A) True
B) False

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An attitude is


A) an internal trait that makes a person unique.
B) a set of actions that a person in a particular position is supposed to perform.
C) a competence in performing activities.
D) a person's behavior caused by information and experience.
E) one's evaluation,feelings,and behavioral tendencies toward an object or idea.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Although marketers may attempt to influence what a consumer learns,their attempts are seldom fully successful.

A) True
B) False

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Motives always operate at a conscious level.

A) True
B) False

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