A) oligopoly.
B) monopoly.
C) monopolistic competition.
D) perfect competition.
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Multiple Choice
A) is operating in the long run.
B) is earning a short-run economic profit.
C) is incurring a short-run loss.
D) The answer cannot be determined from the information given.
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Multiple Choice
A) 4 units of output.
B) 10 units of output.
C) 16 units of output.
D) 22 units of output.
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Multiple Choice
A) $12,000.
B) $18,000.
C) $21,000.
D) $24,000.
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Multiple Choice
A) efficient scale.
B) pricing at marginal cost.
C) excess capacity.
D) All of the above are correct.
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) suffer from a product-variety externality.
B) suffer from a business-stealing externality.
C) increase their production to achieve the efficient scale.
D) Both b and c are correct.
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Multiple Choice
A) P > AR
B) MR > MC
C) P > MC
D) All of the above are correct.
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Multiple Choice
A) P > MC
B) MC = ATC
C) P < MR
D) All of the above are correct.
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Multiple Choice
A) Monopolistic competition is similar to monopoly because both market structures are characterized by firms being price makers rather than price takers.
B) Monopolistic competition is similar to perfect competition because both market structures are characterized by differentiated products.
C) Monopolistic competition is similar to oligopoly because both market structures are characterized by strategic interaction between firms in the market.
D) Monopolistic competition is similar to perfect competition because both market structures are characterized by perfectly elastic demand curves for firms.
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Multiple Choice
A) This firm is operating at its efficient scale.
B) This firm should expect its demand curve to shift to the left.
C) Firms will leave the market and profits for firms that remain in the market will rise.
D) This firm is in a long-run equilibrium.
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Multiple Choice
A) less than 100 units of output.
B) 100 units of output.
C) between 100 and 133.33 units of output.
D) more than 133.33 units of output.
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Multiple Choice
A) oligopoly or perfectly competitive market.
B) oligopoly or monopoly market.
C) oligopoly or monopolistically competitive market.
D) monopoly or monopolistically competitive market.
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Multiple Choice
A) firms are more likely to operate at efficient scale.
B) there are likely to be too many firms in a monopolistically competitive market.
C) market efficiency is likely to be enhanced by the entry of new firms.
D) all firms are earning zero economic profit.
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Short Answer
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Multiple Choice
A) a $12 loss
B) an $8 profit
C) a $25 profit
D) a $32 profit
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Multiple Choice
A) creates demand for products that people otherwise do not want or need.
B) lowers barriers to entry into an industry because new firms can more easily establish themselves as competitors.
C) increases competition by providing information about prices.
D) encourages monopolization of markets by raising entry barriers.
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Short Answer
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Multiple Choice
A) higher prices and less competitive markets.
B) higher prices and more competitive markets.
C) lower prices and more competitive markets.
D) None of the above is correct. The debate fails to resolve the question of advertising's effect on prices and competition.
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Multiple Choice
A) Monopolistic competition is similar to monopoly because in each market structure the firm can charge a price above marginal costs.
B) Monopolistic competition is similar to perfect competition because both market structures are characterized by free entry.
C) Monopolistic competition is similar to oligopoly because both market structures are characterized by barriers to entry.
D) Monopolistic competition is similar to perfect competition because both market structures are characterized by many sellers.
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