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Table 17-16 This table shows a game played between two players, A and B. The payoffs are given in the table as (Payoff to A, Payoff to B) . Table 17-16 This table shows a game played between two players, A and B. The payoffs are given in the table as (Payoff to A, Payoff to B) .   -Refer to Table 17-16. Which of the following statements is true regarding this game? A) Both players have a dominant strategy. B) Neither player has a dominant strategy. C) A has a dominant strategy, but B does not have a dominant strategy. D) B has a dominant strategy, but A does not have a dominant strategy. -Refer to Table 17-16. Which of the following statements is true regarding this game?


A) Both players have a dominant strategy.
B) Neither player has a dominant strategy.
C) A has a dominant strategy, but B does not have a dominant strategy.
D) B has a dominant strategy, but A does not have a dominant strategy.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Table 17-20 Nadia and Maddie are two college roommates who both prefer a clean common space in their dorm room, but neither enjoys cleaning. The roommates must each make a decision to either clean or not clean the dorm room's common space. The payoff table for this situation is provided below, where the higher a player's payoff number, the better off that player is. The payoffs in each cell are shown as (payoff for Nadia, payoff for Maddie) . Table 17-20 Nadia and Maddie are two college roommates who both prefer a clean common space in their dorm room, but neither enjoys cleaning. The roommates must each make a decision to either clean or not clean the dorm room's common space. The payoff table for this situation is provided below, where the higher a player's payoff number, the better off that player is. The payoffs in each cell are shown as (payoff for Nadia, payoff for Maddie) .   -Refer to Table 17-20. If Maddie chooses to clean, then Nadia will A) clean and Maddie's payoff will be 30. B) not clean and Maddie's payoff will be 7. C) clean and Maddie's payoff will be 50. D) not clean and Maddie's payoff will be 10. -Refer to Table 17-20. If Maddie chooses to clean, then Nadia will


A) clean and Maddie's payoff will be 30.
B) not clean and Maddie's payoff will be 7.
C) clean and Maddie's payoff will be 50.
D) not clean and Maddie's payoff will be 10.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In a competitive market, strategic interactions among the firms are not important.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following would be most likely to contribute to the breakdown of a cartel in a natural resource (e.g., bauxite) market?


A) high prices
B) low price elasticity of demand
C) high compatibility of member interests
D) unequal member ownership of the natural resource

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Figure 17-2. Two companies, Acme and Pinnacle, each decide whether to produce a good quality product or a poor quality product. In the figure, the dollar amounts are payoffs and they represent annual profits for the two companies. Figure 17-2. Two companies, Acme and Pinnacle, each decide whether to produce a good quality product or a poor quality product. In the figure, the dollar amounts are payoffs and they represent annual profits for the two companies.   -Refer to Figure 17-2. If this game is played only once, then the most likely outcome is that A) both firms produce a poor quality product. B) Acme produces a poor quality product and Pinnacle produces a good quality product. C) Acme produces a good quality product and Pinnacle produces a poor quality product. D) both firms produce a good quality product. -Refer to Figure 17-2. If this game is played only once, then the most likely outcome is that


A) both firms produce a poor quality product.
B) Acme produces a poor quality product and Pinnacle produces a good quality product.
C) Acme produces a good quality product and Pinnacle produces a poor quality product.
D) both firms produce a good quality product.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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In choosing among alternative courses of action, Raj must consider how others might respond to the action he takes. In the language of game theory, we say that Raj must think


A) openly.
B) strategically.
C) dominantly.
D) cooperatively.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Game theory is necessary for understanding


A) all market structures.
B) competition and oligopoly, but it is not necessary for understanding monopoly.
C) monopoly and oligopoly, but it is not necessary for understanding competition.
D) oligopoly, but it is not necessary for understanding monopoly or competition.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Figure 17-4. Aaron and Ed are roommates. After a big snowstorm, their driveway needs to be shoveled. Each person has to decide whether to take part in shoveling the driveway. At the end of the day, either the driveway will be shoveled (if one or both roommates take part in shoveling) , or it will remain unshoveled (if neither roommate shovels) . With happiness measured on a scale of 1 (very unhappy) to 10 (very happy) , the possible outcomes are as follows: Figure 17-4. Aaron and Ed are roommates. After a big snowstorm, their driveway needs to be shoveled. Each person has to decide whether to take part in shoveling the driveway. At the end of the day, either the driveway will be shoveled (if one or both roommates take part in shoveling) , or it will remain unshoveled (if neither roommate shovels) . With happiness measured on a scale of 1 (very unhappy)  to 10 (very happy) , the possible outcomes are as follows:   -Refer to Figure 17-4. The dominant strategy for Ed is to A) shovel, and the dominant strategy for Aaron is to shovel. B) shovel, and the dominant strategy for Aaron is to refrain from shoveling. C) refrain from shoveling, and the dominant strategy for Aaron is to shovel. D) refrain from shoveling, and there is no dominant strategy for Aaron. -Refer to Figure 17-4. The dominant strategy for Ed is to


A) shovel, and the dominant strategy for Aaron is to shovel.
B) shovel, and the dominant strategy for Aaron is to refrain from shoveling.
C) refrain from shoveling, and the dominant strategy for Aaron is to shovel.
D) refrain from shoveling, and there is no dominant strategy for Aaron.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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In the prisoners' dilemma game, one prisoner is always better off confessing, no matter what the other prisoner does.

A) True
B) False

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If duopoly firms that are not colluding were able to successfully collude, then


A) price and quantity would rise.
B) price and quantity would fall.
C) price would rise and quantity would fall.
D) price would fall and quantity would rise.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Table 17-37​ Two restaurants with a focus on Mexican dining operate in Texama. Both Mitch's Mexican and Tim's Tacos need to decide whether to add Zesty Queso or Fresh Guacamole to their menus. The circumstances are that each firm wants to add only one of the two choices on their menu. Below you will find the profits for the stores, shown as: (1) the payoff to Mitch; (2) the payoff to Tim. Table 17-37​ Two restaurants with a focus on Mexican dining operate in Texama. Both Mitch's Mexican and Tim's Tacos need to decide whether to add Zesty Queso or Fresh Guacamole to their menus. The circumstances are that each firm wants to add only one of the two choices on their menu. Below you will find the profits for the stores, shown as: (1)  the payoff to Mitch; (2)  the payoff to Tim.   ​ -​Refer to Table 17-37. Based upon the information from the table, what is the Nash Equilibrium? A) ​Zesty Queso, Zesty Queso B) ​Zesty Queso, Fresh Guacamole C) ​Fresh Guacamole, Zesty Queso D) ​Fresh Guacamole, Fresh Guacamole ​ -​Refer to Table 17-37. Based upon the information from the table, what is the Nash Equilibrium?


A) ​Zesty Queso, Zesty Queso
B) ​Zesty Queso, Fresh Guacamole
C) ​Fresh Guacamole, Zesty Queso
D) ​Fresh Guacamole, Fresh Guacamole

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Although the practice of predatory pricing is a common claim in antitrust suits, some economists are skeptical of this argument because they believe


A) the evidence of its practice is nearly impossible to collect.
B) predatory pricing is not a profitable business strategy.
C) even though predatory pricing is a profitable business strategy, it is on balance beneficial to society.
D) predatory pricing actually attracts new firms to the industry.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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​Table 17-36 The information in the table shows the total demand for water service in Takoma. Assume that there are two companies operating in Takoma. Each company that provides these services incurs an annual fixed cost of $400 and that the marginal cost of providing the service to each customer is exactly $2.00. Figures listed are for an annual service contract. ​ ​Table 17-36 The information in the table shows the total demand for water service in Takoma. Assume that there are two companies operating in Takoma. Each company that provides these services incurs an annual fixed cost of $400 and that the marginal cost of providing the service to each customer is exactly $2.00. Figures listed are for an annual service contract. ​   -​Refer to Table 17-36. The two water service providers in Takoma are able to form a successful cartel. If they collude on the quantity of service contracts each sells and split the market equally, A) ​each firm will charge a price of $15 and each firm will sell 450 service contracts. B) ​each firm will charge a price of $20 and each firm will sell 400 service contracts. C) ​each firm will charge a price of $25 and each firm will sell 350 service contracts. D) ​each firm will charge a price of $30 and each firm will sell 300 service contracts. -​Refer to Table 17-36. The two water service providers in Takoma are able to form a successful cartel. If they collude on the quantity of service contracts each sells and split the market equally,


A) ​each firm will charge a price of $15 and each firm will sell 450 service contracts.
B) ​each firm will charge a price of $20 and each firm will sell 400 service contracts.
C) ​each firm will charge a price of $25 and each firm will sell 350 service contracts.
D) ​each firm will charge a price of $30 and each firm will sell 300 service contracts.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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When firms form a cartel in an oligopoly market, the total output is always the same as if the market were perfectly competitive. ​

A) True
B) False

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Table 17-24 Two firms are considering going out of business and selling their assets. Each considers what happens if the other goes out of business. The payoff matrix below shows the net gain or loss to each firm. Table 17-24 Two firms are considering going out of business and selling their assets. Each considers what happens if the other goes out of business. The payoff matrix below shows the net gain or loss to each firm.   -Refer to Table 17-24. Which firm's dominant strategy is to sell? A) firm A's and firm B's B) firm A's but not firm B's C) firm B's but not firm A's D) neither firm A's nor firm B's -Refer to Table 17-24. Which firm's dominant strategy is to sell?


A) firm A's and firm B's
B) firm A's but not firm B's
C) firm B's but not firm A's
D) neither firm A's nor firm B's

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Acme Computer Co. sells computers to retail stores for $400. If Acme requires the retailers to charge customers $500 for the computers, then it is engaging in


A) resale price maintenance.
B) predatory pricing.
C) tying.
D) monopolistic competition.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Tying involves a firm


A) colluding with another firm to restrict output and raise prices.
B) selling two individual products together for a single price rather than selling each product individually at separate prices.
C) temporarily cutting the price of its product to drive a competitor out of the market.
D) requiring that the firm reselling its product do so at a specified price.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Table 17-20 Nadia and Maddie are two college roommates who both prefer a clean common space in their dorm room, but neither enjoys cleaning. The roommates must each make a decision to either clean or not clean the dorm room's common space. The payoff table for this situation is provided below, where the higher a player's payoff number, the better off that player is. The payoffs in each cell are shown as (payoff for Nadia, payoff for Maddie) . Table 17-20 Nadia and Maddie are two college roommates who both prefer a clean common space in their dorm room, but neither enjoys cleaning. The roommates must each make a decision to either clean or not clean the dorm room's common space. The payoff table for this situation is provided below, where the higher a player's payoff number, the better off that player is. The payoffs in each cell are shown as (payoff for Nadia, payoff for Maddie) .   -Refer to Table 17-20. What is Nadia's dominant strategy? A) Nadia has no dominant strategy. B) Nadia should always choose Clean. C) Nadia should always choose Don't Clean. D) Nadia has two dominant strategies, Clean and Don't Clean, depending on the choice Maddie makes. -Refer to Table 17-20. What is Nadia's dominant strategy?


A) Nadia has no dominant strategy.
B) Nadia should always choose Clean.
C) Nadia should always choose Don't Clean.
D) Nadia has two dominant strategies, Clean and Don't Clean, depending on the choice Maddie makes.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Table 17-1 Imagine a small town in which only two residents, Rochelle and Alec, own wells that produce safe drinking water. Each week Rochelle and Alec work together to decide how many gallons of water to pump. They bring the water to town and sell it at whatever price the market will bear. To keep things simple, suppose that Rochelle and Alec can pump as much water as they want without cost so that the marginal cost of water equals zero. The town's weekly demand schedule and total revenue schedule for water is shown in the table below: Table 17-1 Imagine a small town in which only two residents, Rochelle and Alec, own wells that produce safe drinking water. Each week Rochelle and Alec work together to decide how many gallons of water to pump. They bring the water to town and sell it at whatever price the market will bear. To keep things simple, suppose that Rochelle and Alec can pump as much water as they want without cost so that the marginal cost of water equals zero. The town's weekly demand schedule and total revenue schedule for water is shown in the table below:   -Refer to Table 17-1. What is the socially efficient quantity of water? A) 0 gallons B) 600 gallons C) 900 gallons D) 1,200 gallons -Refer to Table 17-1. What is the socially efficient quantity of water?


A) 0 gallons
B) 600 gallons
C) 900 gallons
D) 1,200 gallons

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Suppose two companies own adjacent oil fields. Under the two fields is a common pool of oil worth $60 million. For each well that is drilled, the company that drills the well incurs a cost of $4 million. Each company can drill up to two wells. What is the likely outcome of this game if each company pursues its own self-interest?


A) Each company drills one well and experiences a profit of $26 million.
B) Each company drills one well and experiences a profit of $22 million.
C) Each company drills two wells and experiences a profit of $22 million.
D) One company drills two wells and experiences a profit of $32 million; the other company drills one well and experiences a profit of $16 million.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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