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Thin skin contains:


A) the same layers of keratinocytes as thick skin.
B) one less layer of keratinocytes than thick skin.
C) two more layers of keratinocytes than thick skin.
D) one more layer of keratinocytes than thick skin.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Christina's fair skin flushes red when she exercises.What is the name of this condition and why does her skin appear red?

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The skin color imparted by hemoglobin ma...

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Thin skin lacks stratum:


A) spinosum.
B) lucidum.
C) granulosum.
D) corneum.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Skin without keratin would be more likely to:


A) tear upon being mechanically stressed.
B) burn upon exposure to the sun.
C) be unable to thermoregulate.
D) lose the sensation of touch.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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List the three types of burns and the region of skin each affects.

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1)First-degree burns (superficial burns)...

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Jill is blind and often uses braille (a system of raised dots) to read her school assignments.What cell in the stratum basale of the epidermis helps her discriminate between the textured dots?


A) keratinocyte
B) melanocyte
C) dendritic (Langerhans) cell
D) Merkel cell

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Assess the following statement for accuracy.Dark brown skin contains more melanocytes than pale skin.

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The number of melanocytes is virtually i...

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Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?


A) protection
B) sensation
C) thermoregulation
D) vitamin A synthesis

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Stratum lucidum is found in all types of skin covering the entire body.

A) True
B) False

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What secretion do we intend to inhibit with the application of antiperspirants to the axillae (armpits)? Why apply a deodorant to the axillae?

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Although sweat released from apocrine sw...

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A splinter penetrated into the skin on the palmar surface of the hand.The splinter nearly reached stratum basale of the epidermis.What is the final layer injured by this splinter?


A) stratum corneum of the epidermis
B) stratum spinosum of the epidermis
C) stratum granulosum of the epidermis
D) stratum lucidum of the epidermis

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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B

Squamous cell carcinoma arises from:


A) keratinocytes in stratum basale.
B) keratinocytes in stratum spinosum.
C) melanocytes.
D) keratinocytes in stratum corneum.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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B

Vesicles known as melanosomes are taken into the cytosol of keratinocytes by endocytosis.The melanosome is transported to the superficial side of the keratinocyte to shield its nucleus.

A) True
B) False

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What symptom distinguishes a second-degree from a third-degree burn?


A) presence of significant pain initially with the third-degree burn
B) presence of erythema associated with the third-degree burn
C) lack of initial pain associated with the third-degree burn
D) presence of blisters associated with the third-degree burn

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Explain the ABCDE rule used to distinguish melanomas from other skin cancers and from normal moles.

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A is for an asymmetrical shape (the two sides do not match).B is for border irregularity.C stands for color,usually blue-black or a variety of colors.D is for the diameter (generally larger than 6 mm,the size of a pencil eraser).Finally,E is for an evolving (changing)shape and size.

What do dead keratinized cells form?


A) hair shaft
B) hair root
C) hair bulb
D) arrector pili muscle

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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How long will it take for a suntan to fade?


A) 40 to 50 days
B) 5 to 10 days
C) 20 to 40 days
D) 10 to 20 days

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Exposure to UV radiation causes the skin to darken by increasing the production of:


A) keratin.
B) hemoglobin.
C) collagen.
D) melanin.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Into which layer of the skin do you think tattoo ink is injected? Explain why.

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The ink from a tattoo must be injected i...

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Trauma to stratum basale would NOT interfere with the skin's ability to:


A) shed dead cells.
B) grow.
C) produce melanin.
D) produce vitamin D.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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